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Managing Unknown Unknowns in Innovation

The external environment of emerging and technology-based industries will tend to be more uncertain as the world moves further into the twenty-first century. Any changes in an innovation firm’s external environment that are driven by the forces of technology, economics, and other influences impede the ability of strategic managers to make strategic decisions to keep […]

Managing Innovation through Dual Planning Systems

One of the issues a firm’s corporate directional strategy faces is about deciding its orientation towards growth. When a firm chooses to grow internally, innovation becomes the key driver to achieve that growth. Growth-oriented companies incorporate some kind of technology to generate innovation, and through innovation, they create a competitive advantage. Therefore, innovation provides a […]

Implementing Strategies through Portfolio Management

Strategy implementation is the most difficult part of the strategy. Hrebiniak states that “Making strategy work-executing or implementing it through the organization is even more difficult. Without effective implementation, no business strategy can succeed.” [1] Prior to this work, Henry Mintzberg introduced intended and realized strategy to help clarify this implementation challenge. According to him, […]